What is software and type of software?

 
Software 

Software:-   Computer software, or just software, is a collection of computer programs and related data that provides the instructions for telling a computer what to do and how to do it.  Any set of instructions that guides the hardware and tells it how to accomplish each task

System Software: System software is computer software designed to operate the computer hardware to provide basic functionality and to provide a platform for running application software. Refers to the operating system and all utility programs that manage computer resources at a low level. The BIOS (basic input/output system) gets the computer system started after you turn it on and manages the data flow between the operating system and attached devices such as the hard disk, video adapter, keyboard, mouse, and printer. The boot program loads the operating system into the computer's main memory or random access memory (RAM).System software also includes system utilities, such as the disk defragmenter and System Restore. 

Basic Input/output System (BIOS) Program 

Disk Defragmenter

Disk Cleanup

Disk Partition Tool

Programming Software: Programming software include tools in the form of programs or applications that software developers use to create, debug, maintain, or otherwise support other programs and applications. The term usually refers to relatively simple programs such as compilers, debuggers, interpreters, linkers, and text editors, 

Example of programming language:

• C 
• C++ 
• C# 
• BASIC 
• JAVA 
• Visual Basic 
• Python  
• HTML 
• PHP 

Programming Software 

Application Software:- A program or group of programs designed for end users. Allows end users to accomplish one or more specific (non-computer related) tasks.

Examples of Computer Application Software:-

• Word processor 
•  Spreadsheet
•  Presentation Software 
• Database Management System 
• Desktop Publisher 
•  Graphic Editor 
• Web Browser 

Word Processor:- Word processor is a software program capable of creating, storing, and printing documents. Unlike the standard typewriter, users using word processors have the ability of creating a document and making any changes anywhere in the document. This document can also be saved for modification at a later time or to be opened on any other computer using the same word processor. 

Features:-

• Insert text 
• Delete text 
• Cut and paste
• Copy
• Page size and margins
• Search and replace
• Print 

Examples:-

•  Microsoft Word
• WordPro
• AppleWorks 

Spreadsheet:- Spreadsheet is a data file made up of rows and columns that are used to sort data and allow a user to manipulate and arrange data easily, commonly numerical data. What makes a spreadsheet software program most unique is its ability to calculate values using mathematical formulas and the data in the cells. 

Features:-

• Formulas 
• Functions
• Charts
• Cut/Copy/Paste with single cells or ranges of cells 
• Cells formatting 
• Cells merging 

Examples:-

• Microsoft Excel 
• Lotus 1-2-3 
• Apple Numbers
• OpenOffice Calc 

Microsoft Excel 

Presentation Software:- A presentation program is a software program that helps create a slideshow that addresses a topic.

Presentation programs are often used in businesses and schools for discussing a topic or for teaching. 
It typically includes three major functions:

• an editor that allows text to be inserted and formatted 
• a method for inserting and manipulating graphic images
•  a slide-show system to display the content.

Features:

• Insert Slide 
• Deletion of Inserted slides 
• Allows cut and paste slides in any order.
• Allows duplication content or slide 
• Allows you to display the presentation designed in a slide show system. (View Slide Feature) 
• Allows animations and/or sounds manipulations on objects in the slide.

Example:

• Microsoft PowerPoint 
• Adobe Persuasion 
• HyperCard 
• OpenOffice Impress 
• Scala Multimedia 

Database Management System (DBMS) Software: A program that controls the organization, storage, management, and retrieval of data in a database. Users can create tables, queries, forms and reports.

Example:

• Microsoft Access 
• Oracle Database
• MySQL
• FoxPro 

Desktop Publishing Software: Used to produce high-quality printed documents such as magazine, greeting card, posters, etc. Allows you to use different typefaces, specify various margins and justifications, and embed illustrations and graphs directly into the text. 

Example:

• Adobe InDesign
• QuarkXPress 
• MS Publisher 

Web Browser: The web browser is an application software to explore www (World Wide Web). It provides an interface between the server and the client and requests to the server for web documents and services. It works as a compiler to render HTML which is used to design a webpage. Whenever we search for anything on the internet, the browser loads a web page written in HTML, including text, links, images, and other items such as style sheets and JavaScript functions. Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, Mozilla Firefox, and Safari are examples of web browsers.

Web browser, a software application used to locate and display Web pages.

Example:

• Internet Explore (IE) 
• Mozilla Firefox
• Opera 

Graphic Software: Graphics software or image editing software is a program or collection of programs that enable a person to manipulate visual images on a computer. Computer graphics can be classified into two distinct categories: – raster graphics vector graphics

Raster Graphic Editor : A raster graphics editor is a computer program that allows users to paint and edit pictures interactively on the computer screen and save them in one of many popular “bitmap” or “raster” formats

Common features:

• Select a region for editing 
• Draw lines with brushes of different color, size, shape and pressure
• Add typed letters in different font styles – Apply various filters for effects
• Convert between various image formats 

Examples:

• Adobe Photoshop 
• PaintShop Pro
• iPhoto
• GIMP

Vector Graphic Editor: A computer program that allows users to compose and edit vector graphics images interactively on a computer. Vector editors are often better for page layout, typography, logos, sharp-edged artistic illustrations (e.g. cartoons, clip art, complex geometric patterns), technical illustrations, diagramming and flowcharting. Also known as drawing software.

Examples:

• Adobe Illustrator 
• Macromedia Freehand 
• Xara Xtreme
• Inscape 

Accounting Software: Accounting software is an application software that records & processes accounting transactions within functional modules such as accounts payable, accounts receivable, payroll, and trial balance. It functions as an accounting information system.

Features:

• Accounts receivable 
• Accounts payable
• General ledger
• Billing
• Stock/inventory 
• Purchase order
• Sales order
• Bookkeeping 

Examples:

• Microsoft Money
• MYOB 
• USB 
• SAGE